Legislative framework and sanctions
The procedure for registration at the address of stay or residence of minors is determined:
- norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Article 20);
- provisions of the RF IC (Article 65);
- Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation (Article 19.15.1);
- internal rules of the Federal Migration Service (Federation Government Decree No. 713 of July 17, 1995, paragraph 28).
All these documents complement each other and are used together in the event of conflict situations. Read more about where, where and with whom a minor child can be registered.
Living in residential premises without registration can lead to the imposition of fines in the amount of 2,000 to 3,000 rubles.
For objects of federal significance (these include Moscow, Sevastopol, St. Petersburg), the amount of recovery increases to 3,000–5,000 rubles.
Not only the unregistered citizen, but also the owner of the property will have to pay for violating state registration rules. The fine for individuals is 2000–3000 rubles, for legal entities – from 250 to 750 thousand rubles.
A child may not be registered in the apartment in which he lives for various reasons. The rules of administrative liability vary depending on the circumstances that took place in each specific case.
Fine for lack of registration in passport in 2020
As for the lack of registration of an individual living in one of the megalopolises and large cities that are considered federal settlements (Moscow, St. Petersburg), fines increase significantly:
- if a citizen is not registered in the city, he may be subject to a fine of 3,000 - 5,000 rubles;
- apartment owners who did not pay attention to the lack of registration or ignored this fact will pay monetary sanctions in the amount of 5,000 - 7,000 rubles;
- legal entities for the same offense will pay costs to the state in the amount of 300,000 to 800,000 rubles.
If registration was previously received, but is already expired, the individual is also responsible. But the fine is determined not per day or month, but at the time the protocol is drawn up by the official.
Registration of children after birth
Russian legislation stipulates the deadlines for registering newborns with civil registry offices. In accordance with Part 1.6 of Art. 16 Federal Law No. 143, parents are required to contact the registry office within one calendar month from the date of birth of the child. At the same time, the terms of registration are not clearly defined in any legislative resolution.
You can register a newborn child in an apartment either a week after receiving the birth certificate or 30 days later. It all depends on when the parents have the opportunity.
If the child is not registered or the documents are not completed in a timely manner?
If the child is not registered anywhere, FMS officials may demand payment of a fine in accordance with Art. 19.15.1 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
Its amount is commensurate with the size of the penalty that is imposed for gross violation of registration deadlines. If you change your place of temporary stay, you must register within 90 days. Read about how to obtain temporary registration to enroll your child in school here.
If we are talking about moving to a permanent place of residence, then you need to register within a week. You must be issued registration documents no later than 3 days from the date of submission of the relevant application.
The basis for paying a fine is an official decision, not a verbal demand. Before paying the receipt, ask the FMS employees to draw up a protocol on the offense.
Diagnostics
Dysgraphia does not appear suddenly. It is always associated with underdevelopment or partial damage to the brain mechanisms that ensure the complex process of writing. Hence the correct way to “fight” violations. It should begin not at school, when dysgraphia is revealed in the form of specific errors in writing, but in preschool age, long before the child begins to learn to read and write. All efforts should be aimed at weak links. To understand where to look for them, let’s decide on the main thing - types of dysgraphia.
There are several types of dysgraphia, each of which is directly related to certain problems in the development of the child. After consulting with this specialist, parents will understand whether their child has speech characteristics that can accurately predict the types of writing errors that are inevitable for the child. And forewarned means forearmed.
Knowledge about different types of dysgraphia, signs by which a potential “dysgraphic person” can be identified even in preschool age, and, accordingly, about the successful prevention of deviations and future writing disorders.
Types of dysgraphia:
- Articulatory-acoustic. The child writes as he hears. If all sounds are not delivered by the school period, problems with writing may arise. For example, a child replaces “r” with “l” in oral speech. And instead of “rum” he writes “loma”, instead of “gunpowder” - “polokh”. Or, if the sound is completely absent in speech, it may be completely missed. For example, write “koshun” instead of “kite”.
- Acoustic. The child can pronounce all sounds clearly, but at the same time replaces letters denoting phonetically similar sounds. In writing, pairs of letters are most often mixed: d-t, b-p, zh-sh, v-f, g-k or s-sh, z-zh, ch-shch, ch-t, ts-t, ts-s .
- Dysgraphia due to impairment of language analysis and synthesis. Most often occurs in children suffering from written language disorders. With this form of dysgraphia, children skip letters and syllables, rearrange them, do not complete words, write prepositions together or write prefixes separately. Sometimes you can encounter such a violation as contamination: when a word contains syllables from different words. For example, “crabs” are crab sticks.
- Ungrammatical. As the name suggests, it is associated with underdevelopment of the grammatical structure of speech. There are no grammar rules for such a child. Agreement between nouns and adjectives, nouns and verbs suffers (“Masha ran”, “blue coat”).
- Optical. The elements that form letters are few in number: mostly sticks, circles, hooks... But they are combined in different ways in space, forming different letters. But for a child whose visual-spatial representations, visual analysis and synthesis are not sufficiently developed, it is difficult to grasp the differences between letters. Either he will add an extra stick to t, or he will not add a hook to w. If a child does not grasp the subtle differences between letters, then this will certainly lead to difficulties in mastering the outline of letters and to incorrect representation of them in writing.
Inconsistency with place of residence
State registration at the place of stay is of a notification nature . If a child is registered in a place other than where he or she permanently resides, this is not a basis for bringing his parents to administrative responsibility.
But only if the registration address and residential address are located on the territory of the same locality or subject of the Russian Federation. Otherwise, FMS employees may try to impose a monetary penalty in accordance with the norms of the Administrative Code.
Postponement without penalty
If parents do not have the opportunity to register their child within the period established by law, they can count on receiving a deferment.
In this case, no fine will be charged. The main thing is to correctly substantiate the reason for violating legal norms.
It is quite possible to register a child without paying a fine if at that time the parents were undergoing treatment, drawing up documents for real estate, or for one reason or another were not physically able to come to the department. In this case, the migration service employees will most likely meet you halfway and will not bring you to any administrative responsibility.
IMPORTANT! If you started registration before the expiration of the registration deadlines, but were unable to meet them, officials do not have the right to demand payment of a fine. Instead, they are required to simply remind you of the law and issue a warning.
How to teach a child to write without mistakes in a short time?
Parents and teachers sometimes simply throw up their hands when they fail to teach their child to write correctly. It would seem that both the theoretical rules have been mastered and practice is constant, but no progress in mastering literacy is observed. The statistics are especially frightening. Most modern schoolchildren have problems with spelling and punctuation, not to mention the ability to structure text correctly.
Every detail is important to achieve the desired result. How to teach a child to write correctly without mistakes and where to start learning? Sitting correctly at your workplace is the first step to mastering literacy:
- Teach your child to sit upright and not tilt his back back to the side.
- A child's fist should fit freely between the chest and the edge of the table, but the distance should not be large.
- The hand with which the baby writes can only be on the surface of the desk.
- You can tilt your head a little.
- The bending angle of the knees is only straight.
- Turn the bottom corner of the notebook towards the center of the chest at an angle of 45 degrees.
How to appeal?
If you were unable to avoid penalties, you can appeal the decision of the Federal Migration Service. To do this, you must submit a written application to the head of the department within 10 days from the date of receipt of the notification of administrative liability.
If you are not satisfied with his answer, you have the right to file a lawsuit in district court. In the text of the appeal, you must indicate the circumstances of the incident, clearly state your position and state the regulations and federal regulations on the basis of which you demand that the penalty imposed on you be lifted.
You can be guided, for example, by the norms of the Code of Administrative Offenses and the notes to Art. 19.15.1. In accordance with them, if a minor lives with parents or guardians who are tenants or owners of residential premises, a fine for lack of registration will not be charged to them.
How to determine if a child has dysgraphia
Or does he just not know the rules well?
Let's look at the student's notebook. The following types of errors indicate the presence of dysgraphia:
1. Errors in stressed syllables, for example, “joy” instead of “joy”. 2. Skipping letters. 3. Failure to complete words and letters. For example, “staka...” instead of “stakaN” 4. Rearrangement of syllables. For example, “yabkolo” instead of “apple”. 5. Repeating the same letter. For example, “MagaziM” instead of “shop”. 6. The letters “b”, “c”, “e”, “z”, the numbers “4”, “3”, “5” are turned to the other side (mirror writing). 7. Forgetting and skipping rarely encountered letters (“ъ” and “е”).
And finally, “sloppiness” in the notebook:
8. The child “does not notice” the margin and continues to write to the very edge of the notebook. 9. “Moves out” from the lines towards the end of the sentence. 10. Translates words at random. 11. Often does not leave spaces between words. 12. Does not notice the end of the sentence, does not put periods, and continues to write the next one with a small letter.
What to do if you lost your certificate?
A registration certificate for a registered minor that has become unusable or lost can be restored through the MFC or at the passport office.
To do this, parents need to fill out an application and attach to it:
- copies of passports of the child’s mother and father;
- birth certificate.
A duplicate is issued to the applicant on the day of application.
Our website contains other useful information regarding child registration issues:
- Is it possible to register a child separately from his parents and what documents are needed for this?
- Is the owner's consent required to register a minor and how can one do without it?
- Features of registering children in a privatized, non-privatized and mortgaged apartment.
general information
It does not matter whether the citizen has reached the age of majority or has just been born.
Registration is required for everyone, and the law establishes deadlines and responsibility for non-compliance with the rules prescribed by law.
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In our country today, at the legislative level, there are two types of registration: temporary and permanent.
The child may have one of the above registrations at the place of residence of the legal representatives (read the article on whether it is possible to register a child separately from the parents), that is, with the parents legally and completed on time.
Temporary registration is characterized by the fact that it has its own period established during registration, which cannot exceed three years. Also, temporary registration can exist together with permanent registration, and this is not prohibited by the legislator.
Find out where and with whom a newborn is registered, as well as what documents are required to register a baby, on our website.
Many regulations at the legislative level establish the need to undergo such a procedure.
Thus, Article 20 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation states that registration must be officially issued even for a minor child, but only together with the parents or one of them (for details, see our articles on how to register a child at the place of residence of the mother or father, and also about whether it is possible to register him in his grandmother’s apartment).
Grounds for refusal
The basis for refusal to register a minor at the place of residence may be the lack of necessary documents for registration or incorrect execution of the application. If FMS employees refuse to register a child due to non-payment of a fine or insufficient apartment space, you have the right to seek help from the district court.
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Practical recommendations
Overdue situation
Permanent registration does not have any validity period; it is issued once and until the person independently decides to check out. The stamp in the passport is affixed for an unlimited amount of time. But if there are cases when it comes to draw up a statement.
A person does not have the right to stay within a foreign city for a period of more than three months, otherwise he will need to register. If the temporary registration period has expired, then 90 days are allotted for the citizen to obtain a new registration.
Temporary registration is confirmed by a certificate rather than a stamp in the passport, which makes it easier to obtain. If the time has expired when the last month has expired, you will have to pay a fine.
Claims to the owner
If suddenly the owner turned out to be a victim when a citizen registered in an apartment but never showed up in it, then the owner of the property can personally go to the migration service. After three months have passed from the “documentarily” confirmed day of settlement, the citizen has not shown up, you can report such a person to the FMS. If the owner does not report, he faces a fine.
Information can be transmitted to the service using:
- letters;
- personal visit;
- leave a request on the State Services website.
Fictitious registration is strictly prohibited by law, therefore it is in the interests of the owner himself to report such a citizen. Don't be tempted to get free money.
Other types of punishment
In addition to the standard fines, the amount of which is described for each case, there are additional types of punishment. They are used much less frequently.
Despite the fact that these are not direct punishments, they still work against a person who does not have a registration:
- finding a job will be difficult, since a small number of employers will be willing to risk their own reputation and funds for the sake of one employee;
- benefits and allowances are withdrawn from such citizens;
- the child does not have the right to attend general education institutions;
- banks will refuse to work (refusal to issue loans, refusal to conclude contracts, and so on).
