The Constitution of Russia guarantees citizens of the country freedom of movement, but on the territory of the Russian Federation the order established by other legal acts must be observed. According to existing requirements, every citizen of the Russian Federation, foreign national or stateless person is obliged to inform government authorities about his location within a certain period of time and register, called registration. In everyday life, the term “registration” exists simultaneously with the outdated unofficial “propiska”, which has long been in documentary and everyday circulation. Today the question of how long you can live without registration is quite relevant for the population.
Law on registration and registration
Before you figure out how long you can live without registration on the territory of the Russian Federation, you should find out how the institution of registration in Russia is established and regulated.
This institute is mostly regulated by two legal acts:
- Law of the Russian Federation of June 25, 1993 N 5242-1 (as amended in 2020), which introduces the existence of registration in the Russian Federation.
- The corresponding resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation establishing the procedure for carrying out the registration procedure.
Additionally, the procedure and need for registration is prescribed in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the Family Code, the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and some other codes and Federal Laws.
What happens if you live without registration?
Based on Article 19.15.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, administrative liability for violation of registration rules is provided in the form of penalties.
Citizens who failed to comply with registration rules are required to pay a fine in the amount of 2 thousand to 3 thousand rubles. Those who provided their housing will be forced to lose from 2 thousand to 5 thousand rubles from their budget. For Moscow and St. Petersburg, the fine is slightly higher - 3-5 thousand rubles and 5-7 thousand rubles, respectively.
There are exceptions - moments when lack of registration is not considered a violation of the law:
- living in the living space of close relatives;
- if you have permanent residence in the same locality.
It is possible to challenge the sanctions imposed on a citizen if there is a compelling justification for violating the registration deadline (for example, a serious illness or injury that makes the person temporarily incapacitated).
A citizen cannot stay in the country without any type of registration at all. In its absence, a person will not be able to take advantage of benefits, receive social benefits, enroll in an educational institution, etc. This is illegal.
Temporary and permanent registration
Registration on the territory of the Russian Federation is of two types:
- Permanent - at the place of residence. This type of registration is confirmed by a mark in the form of an imprint in the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation. This type is usually informally called registration. This type of accounting allows you to live at the specified address, but does not give any rights in terms of property, for example, to sell housing and carry out other transactions with it.
- Temporary registration at the place of stay. To confirm it, the Federal Migration Service of Russia issues a certificate on a standard form, which can be used as an insert to the main identity document. This type applies to the following categories:
- citizens of other countries;
- stateless persons;
- citizens of the Russian Federation who do not have a permanent place of residence;
- in some other cases.
Important! Registration at the place of residence and place of stay is possible only in residential premises.
The differences between place of residence and place of stay are as follows:
- place of residence is the place where a person lives permanently, and the housing is his property or he permanently resides in it legally;
- at the place of residence, the citizen is temporarily on vacation, undergoing treatment, or lives in a residential building that is not the address of the place of permanent residence.
Fundamentally, both types of registration serve the purpose of registering the population throughout the Russian Federation
Punishment for lack of registration in the passport
The censure for failure to register varies depending on several factors:
- the person who committed the violation is a foreigner or a citizen of Russia;
- missed deadline;
- region of residence.
Among the punishments for citizens of the Russian Federation, the following types are applied:
- a fine of 2-3 thousand rubles. for the violator himself or from 3 to 5 thousand rubles. in cities of federal significance;
- in the amount of 2-5 thousand rubles. for owners of premises who were allowed to live in it without registration or from 3 to 7 thousand rubles. in cities of federal significance;
- For malicious violation of the rules of registration of a foreign citizen, a ban on entry in the future is possible.
Expert opinion
Irina Vasilyeva
Civil law expert
Payment of a fine does not relieve the violator from the obligation to register.
How long can you live without registration?
The law establishes the time frame within which the registration procedure must be completed, which, by the way, is of a notification nature:
- for citizens of the Russian Federation when changing their place of residence – 7 days;
- for them, when changing their place of stay - 90 days;
- newborn children – 7 days after registration of the birth certificate;
- citizens of other countries applying for temporary registration – 7 days;
- citizens of other countries applying for a visa – 7 days;
- citizens of other countries who have received a residence permit in Russia – 7 days.
Important!
For stateless persons, the same rules and deadlines for registration are established in order to legally stay on the territory of Russia, as for foreign citizens. For such persons, a state fee is charged when registering. For citizens of the Russian Federation, registration is free. After the expiration of a specified period during which, according to the law, persons can live without registration, people without registration may be held accountable.
Registration types
There are 2 types of registration - permanent, confirming the main address, and temporary, establishing a new place of registration of a citizen in the event of his departure to another city, region for three months or more.
A person usually receives a permanent one after birth, at the place of residence of the parents. The permanent registration address for adults is confirmed by a passport stamp, for children - a certificate of a certain form. The date of registration is written on the stamp. When checking out, a stamp indicating deregistration is affixed, with the obligatory recording of the date of the accounting action.
If a citizen needs to move for a period exceeding three months due to:
- admission to an educational institution in another city;
- moving to the place of work or service;
- change of marital status;
- long-term treatment;
he is obliged to inform the migration service authorities at the place of arrival about this. For this purpose, there is a temporary registration, which a citizen must obtain within a certain time frame. There is a fine for violating the law. Confirmation is provided by a FMS certificate with temporary registration.
The permanent registration remains; the temporary registration will not be canceled (it is clarifying and allows you to record a valid address). You can live only with temporary registration - this situation arises when selling a home.
Temporary registration of persons without permanent residence is provided for at the nearest social organization in order to be able to provide them with the necessary assistance even without identification documents ((section IV, clause 24 of the Rules).
Permanent registration
The need to change registration arises when:
- purchasing or inheriting a home;
- change of social status;
- moving to another region.
When moving, a person is required to check out of the house, room, apartment (place of previous registration) and register again at a new address. How long can you live without registration in your passport? The law sets very strict deadlines. A person can stay without permanent registration for up to one calendar week. For violations of order by the migration service authorities, a fine may be imposed.
This is interesting: How to get a foreign passport not at the place of registration?
To register after final deregistration from your previous address in another city, at your current permanent address, you should come to the passport service with the following package of documents:
- departure certificate;
- document of the person registering;
- an application in the form established by the FMS;
- documents for ownership of the premises;
- notarized consent of all adult residents of a municipal apartment;
- owner's passport.
The application must contain the personal signature of the owner.
When a child is born, parents often have a question: how long can a newborn child remain without registration, since the law does not establish an exact period for such an action?
Registration of newborns is carried out up to 3 months from the moment the child is discharged from the maternity hospital according to a simplified procedure, usually at the mother’s place of residence. But a minor can also be registered at the father’s registered address.
Is it possible for a baby to live without registration for a longer period of time? Although there is no penalty for late registration of a newborn, his parents will not be able to receive the required social payments in a timely manner.
When selling an apartment, the owner loses permanent registration. How long can you live without registration in this case? If it is not possible to determine a permanent address, the person must register temporarily within 90 days.
Temporary registration
Temporary registration with permanent registration only clarifies the person’s actual address. How long can a Russian citizen live without registration according to the law when temporarily moving?
The law allows three months for applying to the FMS to register. The period of such registration is from three months to 5 years. Such a procedure is not required for persons in another city within the region where they are permanently registered (Article 5 5252-1-FZ).
Temporary registration can be carried out at:
- a rented (rented) apartment on the basis of an agreement concluded with the owner of the property;
- hotels where a room is rented;
- medical institution for long-term treatment;
- educational institution dormitories;
- nursing home;
- sanatorium-type institutions.
This is interesting: Registration in municipal housing for a spouse, husband, children
To register, a citizen should contact the FMS department with an application and a civil passport. The owner of the apartment must personally submit the necessary documents and sign a consent to register the new citizen.
A minor child of a tenant temporarily registered in the area cannot live in the apartment without registration - the fine for parents will be 3 thousand rubles. for the owner – 5 thousand rubles.
How to register
To obtain permanent registration, you can first register from your previous place of residence. This procedure does not make sense today, since when changing your permanent registration it is not necessary to first register from your old place of residence. This is permitted when registering at a new permanent residence address. The period of being without registration will be minimal, and in the event of emergency situations there will be no time period for lack of registration.
But situations may arise when the preliminary discharge procedure cannot be avoided. An example of such a situation is the option of selling a home, when the old apartment is sold, but the new one has not yet been purchased. The new homeowner may ask (and even be required by court) to stop registering his new property. When checking out, the employee performing the procedure will draw up and issue a departure sheet.
Individual cases
In certain cases, there are other deadlines that must be met when registering.
Sale/purchase of an apartment
If a person sells his apartment or buys another home, then he needs to submit documents in a week to obtain permanent registration in a new place. But if the deregistration occurs without the opportunity to register at another address on a permanent basis, then the citizen still has 3 months to obtain a temporary registration.
The citizen must be discharged from the apartment being sold before signing the sales contract. Then a package of documents is submitted for registration of a new registration.
Registration of a newborn and older child
To register a newly born child, you must have a birth certificate. The baby's parents are required to complete this document within 30 days from the birth of the baby (Federal Law No. 143-FZ, Art. 16, Clause 6). Having this document in hand, the baby is permanently or temporarily registered, and in the territory where one of his parents is registered (Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Art. 20).
There are no exact deadlines for registering a newborn at the place of residence, but in any case, after 90 days, the baby must have at least a temporary registration.
Minor children, like adults, must obtain permanent registration within 7 days, temporary - 90 days from the date of settlement. It is easier to register a minor, since the consent of the homeowners is not required if the parent is already registered in the home (RF Government Decree No. 713, section II, clause 12).
Interesting article: Registration of temporary registration for non-residents
In another region
If a person does not live at the registration address, it is necessary to obtain temporary or permanent registration in a new place. The registration deadlines are similar to those generally accepted in the country.
What is the legal period for registration after discharge?
These include a passport, housing papers, a certificate from the house register, written consent of the apartment owner, and a departure slip. Many may be asked for other documents, for example, parental permission for the GUVM to register a minor. You need to give all the papers that are requested, otherwise you can’t count on registration after discharge.
What are the deadlines for registration at a new place of residence and how long does it take to register?
Terms of registration at a new place of residence By law, every citizen of Russia must be registered so that the government knows about his whereabouts. The address must be current so that you do not have to pay a fine later.
Confirmation of permanent registration - a stamp indicating the place of residence, which is included in the identification document. The stamp is affixed within 8 days. The fact of obtaining a temporary residence permit is confirmed by a certificate indicating the address of the short-term place of stay.
In another city
When moving to another city, a person can obtain temporary or permanent registration. The most important requirement is compliance with registration deadlines.
This means that you need to register:
- in the first 7 days after moving, if you plan to spend more than 90 days in this city, or if a person wants to settle for permanent residence;
- There is no need to contact the migration service or the MFC if your stay in the city is short, that is, no more than 90 days.
Important! According to Art. 5 Federal Law No. 5242-1, when moving to another city that is located in the same subject of the Federation as the city of previous residence, and provided that there is already permanent registration, there is no need to register for migration again. It doesn't matter how long the trip lasts.
Who has the right not to register?
There are certain categories of citizens whose registration is optional. For example, a child does not have to be registered, since his place of residence will be automatically determined by the registration of his parents. This follows from the law, because a child can only be registered with his parents. The problem is that if the parents have different places of registration, it is impossible to unambiguously determine the exact place of residence of the baby. The second negative aspect is the bureaucratic standard, that is, the need for documentary proof of residence to receive a certain service (if there is no separate registration for the child, then there may be delays in obtaining a medical certificate and other documents).
See also: How does Belarusian obtain Russian citizenship?
The second category of persons includes citizens who come to work in another subject of the Russian Federation. For example, a person travels from the Moscow region to Moscow every day to work. In such a situation, temporary registration is not required, since the stay in Moscow each time will be less than 3 months. But to confirm that you are right, it is advisable to have a travel ticket or other information indicating short-term entries into the capital.
A person is not required to register in another area if he already has a residence permit in that area. For example, a mother and child live in the Krasnogvardeisky district of St. Petersburg. Registration is available in the Primorsky district. In such a situation, there will be no difficulties with law enforcement agencies. Problems may be associated with entering school. A place in an educational institution is provided at the place of registration, that is, in the area where the person is registered. Therefore, registration at the place of residence may be required.
Extract and registration 2020: new rules for registering a place of residence
The procedure for registering a place of residence in Ukraine requires a personal application to the registration authority or CNAP. Since a child who has reached the age of 14 can independently choose his place of residence, his presence is required when submitting documents for registration.
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What documents are needed for registration in 2020?
At the birth of the child, a complete package of documents was immediately submitted for his registration with one of the parents. The child was always taken into account in receipts for payment of housing and communal services and in the certificate of family composition. But when submitting documents to the social security authorities to calculate the subsidy, it was discovered that the child had never been registered, but was only listed as a “consumer of housing and communal services.”
But it is worth understanding that legal acts put forward specific registration requirements. If a person does not have a place where he can register, then within 90 days. time is given to search for such a territory, at least for temporary registration.
How long does it take to register?
Extracting from your previous place of residence involves searching for a new address. Having finished purchasing an apartment, the owner must register in the housing. The law allots 7 days for this (clause 9 of Order No. 208 of the Federal Migration Service of Russia dated September 20, 2007).
- living with the owner, and also a close relative of the tenant of the premises (son, daughter, mother, father, grandmothers, etc.);
- accommodation on a temporary basis, but in another apartment at the place of permanent registration in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
This is interesting: Payment to guardians for children in the Orenburg region in 2020
How long can you live without registration in Russia at your current address?
Often citizens come to another locality temporarily. In this case, the law allows residence at the residence address for three months (that is, up to 90 days). If a citizen plans to stay in a new place for a longer period, he will need to obtain a temporary registration.
The landlord or owner of the housing in which a citizen is temporarily staying is obliged to provide him with the opportunity to register. The owner’s refusal is contrary to the law if a person lives in the premises for more than 3 months.
Confirmation of temporary registration is a paper certificate issued by employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation to both adults and children under fourteen years of age.
How many days are given for registration - in 2020, after discharge
Temporary stay in another city allows you not to register for registration for 90 days. After the expiration of the period, the citizen is obliged to visit the regional Migration Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and register. The period for registration at the temporary residence address is 7 working days
.
The applicant has the right to receive only temporary registration
. The effect of such registration corresponds to the name - the expiration of the temporary period obliges the citizen to register on a permanent basis.
When you appear, you will need to have your passport and originals of other documents with you. You will have to contact other government agencies in person 2 times, first to submit an application and documents for verification, which will be collected from the applicant
. Then to obtain a passport or temporary certificate.
