ODS: deciphering abbreviations in different sectors of human life and activity

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It is difficult to imagine that just a few decades ago, many homes did not have access to regular hot water, electricity and heating during the winter season. And failure to comply with sanitary standards due to ignorance or the inability to do this led to real epidemics.

And even now, having all the above-mentioned amenities, we don’t often think about how it all functions? How do such large flows of water, electricity, and natural gas find appropriate and regulated use?

What is a housing office?

The term “housing maintenance office” itself became outdated in the Russian Federation back in 2005, but is still relevant in some states of the post-Soviet space. Having appeared in 1959, the organization in question was mainly engaged in the improvement of local areas. Today, housing office is the unofficial name of household authorities. In principle, any management companies that carry out their labor functions in the field of housing and communal services can be called a housing office.

Today, the housing office is a place of daily heated disputes between residents and managers. There is probably no more controversial and problematic organization than the one presented in this article. What is this connected with? Mostly due to the incompetence of the building manager’s workers. However, residents located in the serviced area should also have a little more legal culture in dealing with the housing office. It is about what can and should not be demanded from housing and communal services that will be discussed further.

Citizens intend to oppose Saratovskaya ZhEK LLC

Residents of one of the houses on Sokolovaya Street in Saratov are ready to protest against the manager. The residents of the building in which the Pentagon shopping center is located told Kommersant about this. According to them, the management company is not engaged in servicing the housing stock, and the management of the LLC is bankrupting the management company as soon as it accumulates debts to suppliers. It was not possible to contact the management of Kommersant LLC yesterday.

Residents of the building on Sokolova Street, 18/40, where Torgovy is located, informed Kommersant of their intention to protest against the manager. Citizens claim that utility companies refuse to maintain the house, do not pay resource providers and constantly re-register the management company. The owners believe that this will lead to the residential premises being in disrepair.

It should be noted that in early December, the residents of the house sent an official appeal to the regional prosecutor's office, the investigative committee and the police. In the letter they report that Saratovskaya ZhEK LLC is not fulfilling its duties. As follows from the letter, problems with society began in 2008, when the former first deputy head of the administration of the Volzhsky district of Saratov, Oleg Lomakin, transferred the house at 18/40 Sokolovaya Street to the management of the Saratov Housing Office. “No one paid attention to the residents’ first attempts to draw attention to the violation of their rights—neither the prosecutor’s office nor the housing inspectorate: they limited themselves to unsubscribing,” citizens write. According to them, for three years, Saratov Housing Office regularly collected money from home owners, but did not transfer most of it to utility service providers. “Having accumulated a fantastic debt, Saratovskaya ZhEK LLC went into bankruptcy proceedings. Literally immediately a new company appeared with the same name, with the same owners and director, at the same address. Even the sign hasn't changed. And with a “clean slate” she began collecting money from residents for utilities. And again she regularly “forgot” to pay most of the money to the suppliers of heat, water and electricity,” the appeal says.

A similar situation, as follows from the letter, occurred with the second Saratov Housing Office, after which a third was created.

“Currently, the debt of Saratovskaya ZhEK LLC is over 20 million rubles. And it is no longer surprising that the tax inspectorate for the Volzhsky and Kirov districts has registered a new, fourth, Saratov Housing Office LLC. Is the third management company preparing for bankruptcy again?” - the residents are interested.

At the same time, the owners report that the management company has never been able to provide documents confirming its competence. According to them, the owners did not even receive a document confirming that the director of the LLC, Svetlana Osipova, was indeed elected as its leader.

“Paying invoices issued by an illegitimate company under such conditions is sponsoring another illegal action. It can’t be called anything else when the money received from the owners is not sent to heat and light suppliers, but is spent in a direction unknown to the residents,” the owners report.

The owners of the Pentagon shopping center located in the building take a similar position. “This year Saratovskaya ZhEK LLC issued a heating bill to the owners, plus a recalculation for the three previous years. The amount exceeds 6 million rubles,” says their representative, lawyer Vadim Markelov. According to him, the organizations that own the premises in the shopping center are ready to pay, but the management company cannot submit documents to the court confirming its legitimacy. “In such a situation, we cannot pay because we are not sure that the money will reach the resource suppliers. My clients have entered into direct contracts with some resource providers. Now “Saratov Housing Office” is trying in arbitration to recover money from the owners for heating the premises. If the court decides that we have to pay, we will do it. But for six months, the director of the LLC, Svetlana Osipova, has not been able to submit documents confirming the authority of the Saratov Housing Office,” says lawyer Vadim Markelov.

It should be noted that, according to the financial statements, Saratovskaya ZhEK LLC ended 2013 with a loss of 322 thousand rubles. It was not possible to contact the management of the Kommersant management company yesterday. According to information from the Saratov Regional Prosecutor's Office, the LLC manages about 40 houses. In 2012–2014, violations of the requirements of current legislation were identified in the company’s activities. Based on the results of inspections in 2013, three resolutions were issued to initiate administrative cases on the facts of unlawful charging of fees for housing and communal services (fines of 300 thousand rubles were imposed). 22 submissions were made to Saratovskaya ZhEK LLC regarding the facts of debt formation for heat and energy resources and failure to fulfill obligations for the repair and maintenance of housing.

Sergei Petunin

About free housing office services

Many residents submit an application to the Housing Office in order for the building management to carry out a number of free utility works.

What exactly does this include? Federal legislation in the field of housing and communal services assigns the following responsibilities to management building structures, which are considered free of charge:

• Maintenance, namely repair and maintenance of the external facade of residential buildings. This includes work on sealing various kinds of cracks, seams, damaged areas of the facade, etc. The housing office should not forget about insulating walls, replacing drains and strengthening canopies with railings.
• Roof and drainage work. In more detail, this includes roof repair, attic insulation, replacement of old or damaged drainage elements, etc.
• Work on doors and windows. Replacement of glass, handles, latches and other elements.
• High-quality repair work on floors: insulation, waterproofing, painting and much more.
• Sanitary cleaning work, namely sweeping, washing floors, stairs, walls, ceilings, elevators, etc.

ODS TsUKS - abbreviation decoding

Another area of ​​activity where the ODS reduction is used is saving people. More precisely, the abbreviation is used by people serving in the Ministry of Emergency Situations and in the services under its control. ODS is interpreted in this area as an operational duty service.

Often these three letters stand next to others, namely, TsUKS. If we are talking about ODS TsUKS, then we mean the operational duty service of the crisis management center. This unit is engaged in minimizing the consequences of natural disasters and eliminating fires.

Abbreviations occupy a special place in the Russian language. Abbreviations simplify speaking and writing and save time. The same combination of letters can be deciphered differently in different fields of activity, and the abbreviation ODS is proof of this.

About paid services of housing office

You should be especially careful here.

As a rule, it is precisely because of the presence of paid services in most building management bodies that conflicts arise with residents. Many citizens simply do not understand and do not want to accept the fact that the housing office is a structure that provides not only free services for the taxes paid by residents. What exactly can be highlighted here?

• Carrying out glass and carpentry work. In particular, it is worth noting here the repair of fillings between windows and doors, replacement of door handles and locks, repair of floor coverings (namely coverings, i.e. linoleum, parquet, boards, etc.).
• Carrying out electrical installation work. Repair and replacement of switches, wiring, panels and meters, cartridges, etc.
• Any plumbing work.

Thus, the district housing office is able to provide some paid services. You can conclude an agreement for their provision in a special organization located at your place of residence.

On the replacement of technical equipment by the Housing Office

It is worth considering in particular detail those household items in common use that the housing office is obliged to replace free of charge.

Despite the fact that many are unlikely to ever use such a function, it is still worth recalling the free responsibilities of the housing office. So, according to the law, the building manager is obliged to replace:

• stoves - gas or electric (over 20 years old);
• entrance doors (over 40 years old);
• flush cisterns and toilets (over 20 years old);
• bathtubs - steel or cast iron (over 30 years old);
• water taps (over 10 years old);
• wooden frames (over 40 years old).

And some other things. Single elderly people living in extremely poor conditions should be aware of the list presented. According to the law, the housing office is an organization whose responsibilities include replacing all of the above elements.

Maintenance and replacement procedure

Maintenance and replacement of devices, if necessary, is entrusted to the management company, which attracts licensed performers for these purposes. The responsibilities of the management company include regular monitoring of the serviceability of devices and taking readings with the provision of data to the resource supplier.

The use of communal meters allows for control of the volume of energy resources consumed with actual payment, depending on the amount consumed. You should not deny the benefits of installing a control unit, since otherwise you will have to take into account increasing factors in addition to the actual consumption when calculating the cost of consumed resources.

About maintenance

The housing office is obliged to provide high-quality technical maintenance of residential buildings according to the following criteria:

• Central heating. This may include turning off radiators in case of leakage, flushing the heating system, eliminating air pockets that form, and carrying out work on insulating pipelines in attics or basements.

• Sewage and water supply systems. Here it is worth highlighting such types of work as eliminating leaks, replacing gaskets, sealing pipes, and completely cleaning cold or hot water supply pipes.
• Electricity supply. The housing office is obliged to promptly change lamps, strengthen lampshades, and carry out all necessary work with wiring.

Thus, the housing office at the address of the persons served is obliged to carry out at least all of the above types of work.

About emergency maintenance: heating and sewerage

In addition to technical maintenance, the housing office is also required to provide special emergency maintenance. This includes all the same household areas as in technical maintenance; however, the functions of a house management organization are somewhat different. In particular, in the heating sector it is worth highlighting:

• replacing obsolete or damaged fittings, as well as carrying out repair work on them;

• eliminating leaks by sealing fittings, pipes and other devices;
• replacement of water pipes;
• welding work with water supply;
• installation of air valves.

And so on. If we take into account sewerage and water supply, then the housing office is obliged to perform the following functions:

• change individual taps, mixers, sinks and other fittings;
• change and repair components of heating columns;
• eliminate sewer blockages;
• perform welding work on the pipeline.

Factors influencing the cost of communal meters and their installation

Installation of the control center is carried out by a specialized organization engaged by the management company or HOA. For example, the cost of installation work and the cold water meter itself depends on the following circumstances:

• nominal diameter of water supply pipes;
• expenditure indicators;
• the total area of ​​the apartment building and the number of consumers;
• technical features of the installation project;
• design of the selected device;
• technical nuances of connecting the device.

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Most control centers are installed in basements, in places where communications are supplied. An exception applies to electricity meters located in special switchboards, if available.

About emergency services: power supply and emergency response

What is the housing office obliged to do in the water supply sector? This is what the special normative act prescribes:

• work with faulty sections of electrical networks (with the exception of electrical networks in apartments);

• work on replacing fuse links in panels;
• replacement of shields;
• repair or replacement of failed circuit breakers, switches and other energy control mechanisms;
• replacement or repair of lamps, as well as burners, ovens, stationary stoves, etc.

It is especially worth highlighting the actions of housing and communal services in emergency situations. Thus, housing office workers at the address of the house where the accident occurred must immediately:

• pump out water from the basement;
• dig trenches if necessary;
• open floors, make holes or grooves over pipes;
• turn off risers, etc.

Decoding and types of OPU

OPU stands for common house metering devices. These meters are installed at the entrance to the house and calculate the total amount of energy resources spent on maintaining the apartment building.

Many residents have questions about the need for communal measuring equipment in the presence of individual meters. This is required for the following reasons:

1. Using all types of meters in each apartment is economically difficult for many owners. It is easier and cheaper to use one flow meter, followed by splitting payments.
2. Collective and individual devices complement each other. As a result, the management company gets the opportunity to control the consumption of resources, taking into account the difference between these meters, determining the volumes used for general house needs.

OPU can be used to measure:

• heat received;
• electrical energy;
• cubic meters of cold and hot water;
• gas fuel.

We recommend: How much electricity does an electric kettle consume?

The device that determines heat consumption readings is capable of additionally taking into account the temperature characteristics of the coolant, which allows significant savings on costs.

When metering electricity, such a meter allows you to save due to the difference in tariffs at night and during the day.

Procedure for contacting the Housing Office

Most citizens, unfortunately, have not learned how to fill out a competent application to the Housing Office. How exactly and in what cases is it necessary to submit an application to the structure in question? More on this later.

The easiest option today is a simple phone call. The house management manager will listen to all the requirements and give a clear answer when, where and how all the necessary actions will be carried out. It is also worth noting that the housing and communal services telephone number is always indicated in payment receipts from the same housing office. Here it is worth giving citizens one simple piece of advice: always find out the name and surname of the dispatcher by phone. Oddly enough, in many conflict situations this simple step can work in favor of the tenant.

How else can you submit an application to the Housing Office? Moscow, for example, like a number of other large cities, has housing estates with their own website. It is on the website that you can describe the problem in detail and send it to the address.

And finally, the simplest and most effective option is to go to the nearest housing office and submit a written application. As a rule, this method turns out to be the most effective. Especially when several residents fill out the necessary application at once.

What services are included in the receipt without fail?

Having received a receipt for payment for services, residents often do not understand what they are actually talking about. To help you understand the intricacies of paying for “utilities”, a decoding will help, which every owner of residential “squares” can do independently. Expert advice will also help in this matter, and lawyers know exactly what is included in the rent, and the payment of which bills is implied by the receipt.

So, what data should be included in the payment document?

• The full address of the apartment, house or office, information about the owner of the object - passport data for an individual and the name of the enterprise (organization), if we are talking about payment for services by a legal entity.
• Below is information about the company providing public services - name and legal address for enterprises and organizations, surname and initials for individual entrepreneurs.
• Full address of the contractor (for enterprises and organizations - the address at which the legal entity was registered). In this case, we are talking directly about the performer, and not about intermediaries.
• Bank details of an enterprise (individual) providing one or another type of service to the population.
• Contractor contacts (phone number, email, official website URL).
• The name of the calendar month, and according to legislative acts, all calculations are made for the calendar month. It is worth noting, however, that it is not worth paying for hot, cold water and other services that have not yet been consumed, as this is illegal. For this, utility companies may be held administratively liable.
• A list of all services provided, the size of the established tariffs and units of measurement (kilowatt-hours, cubic meters and gigacalories).
  Important! In the absence of meters, heating is calculated taking into account the area of ​​the room, and other services are distributed evenly to all residents in the room.
• The volume of services provided per month, and for each separately (to a specific consumer).
• Amount payable for each individual service (for the past month for an individual consumer).
• Volume and cost calculated per month.
• Readings of communal meters (separately for each service).
• The total cost of all services provided in an apartment building.
• Information about recalculations that led to an increase/decrease in the cost of services.
• Information about the amount of debt, if any.
• Information about subsidies and other benefits and compensation.
• Information about installment plans, deferred payment and other preferences provided to the consumer by the company (individual) providing the service.

Other information, the entry of which is not prohibited by established rules. It is easy to notice that the information contained in the receipt for payment of utility services is enough for the average person to get confused in it. We want to tell you what information should definitely not be present in the payment document.

In any case, the payment should not advertise goods or services, and the receipt should not contain details of third-party companies other than the direct performers. It is also prohibited by law to charge for the same service repeatedly.

Making a complaint

As mentioned above, often conflicts with the housing office cannot be avoided. The fact is that the housing sector is not a purely commercial structure, and therefore not particularly interested in the high-quality performance of its duties. Probably, every citizen should have a heightened legal culture, especially when it comes to house management. How can you competently resolve a conflict with the housing office?

If the applicants' claim remains unsatisfied within two days, it is worth filing a complaint. It is submitted in two copies, each of which briefly but comprehensively outlines the essence of the problem. Of course, if the complaint has not been responded to, you can contact more serious authorities - for example, the housing and communal services department. In the most extreme case, you can file a statement of claim in court.

Every citizen should know how to contact the housing office at the address of the house. Moscow, St. Petersburg and other large cities, as a rule, have a more literate and responsible population. However, all residents of the country should take the problem of housing services more seriously. The quality work of housing and communal services depends, oddly enough, only on the population, namely on the number of submitted applications, complaints, lawsuits, etc. All these papers will definitely force the housing office to work much more efficiently.

On March 15, a number of online media reported the following tragicomic incident: Azeybarjan resident Ramiz Dzhabrailov (born 1955) came to his housing office for a certificate. For unknown reasons, he was denied the necessary document, which made him furious. Returning home, he armed himself with two hand grenades. After some time, Dzhabrailov reappeared at the housing office and threatened to blow up the institution.

It is possible that in the near future Ukrainians will adopt similar manners of visiting housing offices. We are increasingly complaining about housing and communal services, while the price of utilities is constantly rising. It is absolutely unclear what the responsibilities of housing offices are. After all, I’m tired of paying for cold radiators and cool water instead of hot water, paying for overflowing garbage cans in the yards, shabby entrances, which, judging by reports, are regularly repaired, and much more...

What do you need to know before responsible communication with a housing office? All the nuances of the work of housing and communal services are regulated by the Law of Ukraine “On Housing and Communal ServicesGoszhilkommunkhoz”). The first order is on approval of the Rules for the maintenance of residential buildings and adjacent areas No. 927/11207 dated August 25, 2005. Second - On approval of the Approximate list of services for the maintenance of houses, buildings, local areas and services for the repair of premises, houses, structures No. 1046/9645 dated August 21, 2004. ", as well as two orders of the State Committee of Ukraine on Housing and Communal Services (former

Officially, the list of services that the housing office is obliged to provide to residents was approved by a resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of July 12, 2005. It includes: 1. Cleaning of staircases. 2. Cleaning the local area. 3. Removal and disposal of solid household and bulky waste. 4. Cleaning basements, technical floors and roofs. 5. Maintenance of elevators. 6. Maintenance of dispatch systems. 7. Maintenance of heat and water supply systems, drainage and sewerage systems in the house. 8. Maintenance of ventilation shafts in the house. 9. Maintenance of fire alarm and smoke exhaust systems. 10. Current repairs of the building’s engineering systems and “elements of external improvement” - fences, benches, etc. 11. Repair of playgrounds. 12. Preparing houses for the autumn-winter period. 13. Energy supply for elevators. 14. Maintenance and repair of apartment water and heat meters.

The rent is used for these purposes. That's why ,

if they demand money from you for extraordinary garbage removal or a new tree planted in the yard, it means that someone is trying to make money from you, and this is illegal.

As for additional services, today 31 services for documentary provision of the population and 46 plumbing, electrical and repair and construction services are tariffed. All these services are additional, that is, they are not included in the rent, and accordingly, utility companies will not provide them for free.

Utility companies say they work at fixed rates, but the cost may vary depending on the complexity of the work. At the same time, services are provided on contractual terms after payment, and, as a rule, for preferential categories and low-income citizens - free of charge. There are fears that in connection with the official introduction of price lists for housing services, a wide list of beneficiaries will appear. This means that ordinary citizens will have to pay for them.

How much?

Documentary services

• Issuance of certificates and copies for tenants and owners of non-residential premises - 87.25 UAH.
• Drawing up an estimate for apartment renovation - 300.15 UAH.
• Drawing up estimates for the reconstruction and repair of non-residential premises - 1888.13 UAH.
• Consideration of citizens' applications for mutual claims - 126.18 UAH.
• Inspection of the technical condition of the apartment with drawing up a report in case of flooding by a neighbor - 133.51 UAH.
• Making a copy of the apartment's registration certificate - 62.94 UAH.
• Removal of solid household waste from the private sector - 40.1 UAH. per cubic meter

Plumbing services

• Turning water off and on again - 50.93 UAH.
• Replacing a washbasin - 105.1 UAH.
• Replacement of the toilet - 204.63 UAH.
• Bathtub replacement - 262.41 UAH.
• Pipeline repair - 79.4 UAH. per linear meter
• Cleaning of apartment sewerage — 31.88 UAH.

Electrical services

• Replacement of the socket - 19.61 UAH.
• Switch replacement - 19.61 UAH.
• Cable laying - 25.36 UAH.
• Installation of a chandelier - 66.41 UAH.

Repair Work

• Repair of doors with removal from hinges - 234.62 UAH.
• Glazing of windows and vents - 61.77 UAH.
• Mortise locks - 59.47-79.59 UAH.
• Replacement of parquet - 139.5 UAH. per sq. m
• Painting walls - 44.8 UAH. per sq. m
• Wallpapering the walls - 47.58 UAH. per sq. m

For those who do not want to put up with the lawlessness of public utilities, there is only one piece of advice - to submit an application to the housing office with a requirement to provide a calculation of the services actually provided to you for the last month. According to the mentioned resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers, only these services should be paid for. And if they refuse to provide you with a calculation, just don’t pay the rent and take the housing office to court.

Algorithm for communicating with the Housing Office:

1. If the housing office, in your opinion, provides services of inadequate quality or does not provide them at all, do not waste time, effort and paper and bombard the housing office with complaints and statements. Be sure to register or send with a notification! 2. You can file a claim for improper provision of services. A representative of the Housing Office must appear upon your call within the next two working days. But the act will be valid even without the presence of utility workers if at least three consumers sign it. For example, the complainant himself and two neighbors. 3. If your requests and reports are drawn up correctly, that is, it indicates from what date a specific service was not provided, then the Housing Office is obliged to recalculate the rent. 4. If the housing office does not do this, you can contact the regulatory authorities: the antimonopoly committee, the department for the protection of consumer rights. If you don’t achieve results, go to court. This is where all copies of documents come in handy.

Below are examples of the necessary statements for communicating with the Housing Office.

Sample application for calling a representative of housing and communal services to draw up a claim act ___________________________________ (position, full name) ___________________________________ ___________________________________ (full name of the applicant) ___________________________________ Address ____________________________ ___________________________________ Telephone ___________________________ APPLICATION I ask you to send an authorized representative within 2 days to draw up and sign a claim act in connection with ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________ indicates the service(s) that were not provided or were provided with poor quality ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ in the period from _____________________________________ to _____________________________________. “_____” ___________ 20_____ ___________________________________ (signature of the applicant)

ACT-CLAIM of the city _______ "____ "_____________ 200__ (date of preparation) In accordance with the Agreement(s) No.___________________________________________ CONSUMER(S)____________________________________ _______________________ (Last name, First name, Patronymic) makes(s) claims to the CONTRACTOR regarding the quality of services provided ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________ (types of services that were not provided or were provided with poor quality) for deviation __________________________________________________ ____________________ ___________________________________________________ _________________________________ (types, indicators of violations according to the terms of the Agreement) period of violations ___________________________________________________ _____________ from "_____"___________200__. by "____"____________200__g. period of violations __________________________________________________ _____________ from “_____”___________200__ by "____"____________200__g. In connection with the above, the CONTRACTOR must ensure an appropriate level of service provision, recalculate the amount of fees for services not provided or of poor quality and pay a penalty to CONSUMERS in accordance with the terms of the Agreement. Other conditions: ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ __ This act was drawn up: on the part of the CONTRACTOR ___________________________________ __________________________________ (position, signature, full name) on the part of the CONSUMER _____________________________________ (signature, full name) _____________________________________ (address, telephone) Consumer* ___________________________¬__________ (signature, full name) _____________________________________ (address, telephone) Consumer* ___________________________¬__________ (signature, full name) _____________________________________ (address, telephone) * information about two other consumers who can supply their signatures under the claim act are entered into this document only if the representative of the service provider did not arrive within the prescribed period or refused to sign the claim act. Other consumers living in this house can act as consumer witnesses.