What is a social mortgage?
The state helps some families obtain housing under a special program
Social mortgage implies the possibility of improving housing conditions for the needy segments of the population, with the help of a bank loan with financial support from the state.
The interest rate under the social program is significantly lower than usual. The state compensates the banks for the difference. The amount of compensation reaches 40% of the cost. The down payment is also calculated at the minimum rate.
The basis of the mortgage is the law on state social assistance. Based on it, there are specific programs for low-income citizens who will be able to buy real estate at a cost significantly below the market price.
It must be taken into account that the housing falling under the program will be economy class. The authorities do not have the right to spend budget money on other real estate options.
You can get a mortgage under the following conditions:
- Have Russian citizenship.
- Seniority.
- Permanent residence registration.
- Clean credit history.
If all conditions are met, then the next stage is writing an application to local authorities. The application is considered for three days.
There are 2 ways to receive government support for purchasing housing. In the first case, the city offers housing under construction to low-income groups on preferential terms. 2-3 times cheaper than commercial offers. As a result, the loan amount is reduced and the bank’s requirements for the citizen’s income level are reduced.
In the second case, the family has the right to receive a free subsidy and, adding to it accumulated savings and a bank mortgage loan, buy a home.
Which families are entitled to a social mortgage?
Spouses must be under 35 years of age
The criteria for young families are initially set by the state, and then by the selected bank.
They make up:
- Compliance with the requirements for families in need of improved housing conditions (less than 18 square meters per family member);
- Availability of state registration for 10 years in one territory;
- Lack of additional housing.
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How to get a social mortgage, where to apply first
To obtain a mortgage, you must first submit an application to the regional administration at your place of residence. Here the citizen will receive information on a specific case about the possible loan size, mortgage terms, monthly payment amount, social benefits.
Conditions of the state program for Muscovites
In order to identify specifics on all issues, the following package of documents is submitted along with the application:
- Copies of passports of all family members;
- copies of documents confirming the presence of children in the family;
- Marriage certificate and its copy;
- Certificate 2-NDFL for all adult family members;
- SNILS and its copy;
- A document confirming that family members do not own housing;
- Certificate from the registration chamber about the right to apply for a social subsidy.
The entire package of documents along with the application is reviewed within 3 weeks. As a result, if the answer is satisfactory, the citizen is issued a certificate stating that he is now a participant in the program.
Regional features of the program
The size of the subsidy, the conditions for getting into the program, and the grounds for payment out of turn depend on the regions.
The amount of the subsidy depends on the estimated cost of housing. It is calculated using the formula:
StJ = N × RJ, in which:
RZh - estimated living area:
- 42 m² for a family of two: young spouses or one young parent and child;
- 18 m² per person for a family of three or more people: young spouses who have one child or more, or one young parent and two or more children.
N - standard cost of 1 m² of housing area. Local authorities set it themselves, so the estimated cost varies in regions.
The standard cost per square meter in the Bryansk region is about 30 thousand rubles, but in fact, for this money it is difficult to buy an apartment in a good location. Although if you don’t want to pay a lot extra, then you can choose options: choose an area not in the city center, buy an apartment in a new building, on the top floor or in a panel house. A Bryansk family of three can receive 570 thousand rubles from the budget to pay for 54 m².
In Krasnodar in the fourth quarter of 2020, the cost standard is 46,811 RUR. At the same time, on the secondary market, the cost per square meter is on average 60,550 RUR. Social benefits in Krasnodar are provided in the amount of:
- 30% of the estimated cost of housing for young families without children;
- 35% of the estimated cost of housing for young families with children.
Based on these standards, a young family of four living in Krasnodar can receive a social payment in the amount of: 46,811 R × 18 m² × 4 people × 0.35 = 1,179,637.2 R.
A young family can become a participant in the program if it is recognized as in need of housing. A family is recognized as needy if the premises where it lives have an area of less than the accounting norm for each person. This norm is also determined by local officials.
The accounting norm in Krasnodar is 10 m².
The family can spend the payment received on housing located in Krasnodar. The area of the new apartment must be greater than the registration norm for each family member. In our example, a family of four must buy housing with a total area of more than 40 m²: 4 people × 10 m².
The administration considers documents for inclusion of a young family in the list of participants for 15 days. If the decision is positive, the family will receive a certificate of entitlement to receive social benefits when and if it comes their turn.
Regions establish benefits - the right to receive payment out of turn. Large families and families that were included in the list of participants before March 1, 2005 have priority rights to participate in the program in Krasnodar.
The certificate is valid for 7 months. During this time, a young family must have time to complete the purchase of a home. Those who do not meet the deadline are excluded from the list of program participants and will not receive money.
Consideration by the bank of an application for a loan
While the authorities are reviewing the documents, it is worth contacting a bank that cooperates with the authorities on this program. Here you will find out the interest rate, payment details, maximum terms and what documents need to be collected specifically for the bank.
You can download the application here
After a satisfactory decision by the local authorities and the issuance of a mortgage certificate, it must be implemented within two years. Together with the necessary documents and application, the certificate is sent to the bank, where the application is reviewed on average 10 days. The review period depends on the bank and the specific type of social mortgage.
How can a young family take part in the program?
The state program for supporting young families does not automatically provide for inclusion in it, which means that in order to qualify for preferential lending, potential borrowers need to take several actions:
- Contact the social protection authorities to obtain the status of those in need of improved housing conditions. To do this, a check is carried out on the presence or absence of housing that would meet the living conditions, namely, less than 18 square meters per person registered in one territory;
- Inclusion in the “Young Family” program to obtain a certificate for the use of state subsidies;
- The mortgage lending agency implements the program directly.
After these procedures, borrowers can contact any bank that cooperates with the state program to support young families and enter into a mortgage agreement on preferential terms.
Required list of documents for obtaining a preferential mortgage
The mortgage manager of a particular bank will help you collect the necessary documents. You shouldn't do this on your own.
He will help you fill out the required banking form correctly. In addition to this, you will need a passport (photocopies of all pages must be made, even blank ones), SNILS, marriage and birth certificates.
The man must provide military ID or capital. If he has not reached 27 years of age, but has not served, a documented justification for the deferment is required. The bank must verify such information.
Mortgage programs for public sector workers
Budget workers belong to particularly needy segments of the population. Their wages are not high enough to easily buy their own home. Therefore, a social mortgage is a way out of this situation for them.
This category includes teachers, doctors, young scientists, and military personnel. In their case, social support can be of the following types:
- Preferential mortgage.
- Buying a home at original cost.
- Partial compensation from the price of real estate from budgetary funds.
Benefits for doctors
In the case of medical workers, they are entitled to preferential mortgage lending. In order to apply for it, you need to have a secondary specialized and higher medical education, work experience of at least one year and not be older than 35 years.
After concluding a preferential mortgage, the doctor must work in the given region for at least 5 years. Housing conditions are also taken into account. They must be of unsatisfactory quality, or the apartment in which the family lives is rented.
Who is entitled to a mortgage?
There is a precise understanding of who should receive such support as a social mortgage. The law determines that only individuals have the opportunity to receive this type of assistance if they need to improve their housing. At the same time, a list of categories of people is precisely formed, taking into account their status and living conditions.
Teachers
A teacher can purchase a loan using benefits only if he works in institutions of primary, secondary and complete general education. A number of conditions are also provided:
- Age up to 35 years.
- Russian citizenship.
- Registration in the queue for home improvements.
- Minimum 3 years of experience.
- Positive characteristics.
- Solvency.
- No penalties for non-payment of debts.
- The contribution payment does not exceed 45% of the salary.
- Availability of an agreement with the bank on collateral.
- Preference in subsidizing is given to those specialists who work in villages and villages.
Young families
It also provides support in the form of lowering interest rates or repaying part of the debt. The “Young Family” program and social mortgage have the following conditions for implementation:
- The age of each spouse is no more than 30 years.
- Placement on the waiting list, which will confirm the family’s need to receive a subsidy.
- Availability of funds sufficient to pay the part of the loan that goes beyond the benefits.
- Additional requirements may be presented by the banks where the loan will be issued.
Young professionals
To receive a discount when calculating a loan and its interest, as well as the possibility of repaying part of the debt using federal and regional funds, it is important to determine the age of the employee.
To take out a loan, a young worker must be officially employed at his place of work. He falls under this category if he submits an application:
- in the first year after graduation, but only when working in the specialty;
- in return no more than 35 years;
- up to 40 years old, being a candidate of sciences.
At the same time, a citizen must work in enterprises and institutions that are either financed by the state budget or receive subsidies.
Military personnel
Subjects of lending can be those military personnel who graduated from higher educational institutions and received their first rank of officer. It is necessary to have a savings account, which is opened at the beginning of a military career. All funds in the specified account will be used for the down payment and further payments on the loan.
There are a number of restrictions when using a military account. These include the following:
- the maximum amount allowed into military accounts is 2,200,000 rubles;
- You can use the military mortgage system only after 3 years from the date of opening the account.
According to calculations, it is determined that the amount of transfers may be enough for 54 sq.m., which is enough to accommodate three people.
Doctors
Another category of state employees. The doctor must meet the following conditions:
- Age up to 35 years.
- Availability of higher education.
- Work experience 1 year.
- Improving living conditions is recognized as a necessary measure.
- The doctor himself agrees to work in rural areas for about 5 years.
- Priority is also given to those who have already had experience working in villages and villages, or agree to immediately go there for a while.
Poor
This group of subjects is extensive. According to current legislation, low-income people include:
- the large family;
- a single mother, as well as a single father if the child is a minor;
- persons whose income is equal to or below the subsistence level;
- students;
- pensioners.
This category of subjects has the opportunity to reduce the rate to 8%, enter into a long-term contract extended over time, and refuse the down payment. It is possible to use differentiated payments, which allows you to annually reduce the amount of the contribution.
Other categories
The legislator determines a fairly wide list of entities that, based on their position, can qualify for benefits. In addition to the above categories, it is allowed to provide mortgages to the following:
- civil servants (police officers, government officials and other structures with at least one year of experience);
- combat veterans;
- family with a disabled child;
- disabled people;
- waiting lists
The terms of such assistance will also include lower interest rates, payment of down payments and partial repayment of debt.
Why do banks give priority when providing loans to government employees?
Despite their small earnings, public sector employees are always welcome guests in the mortgage department of banks. The advantages of such borrowers are their official employment and regular salary payments. According to these indicators, risks for the bank are minimized, and this gives them the right to offer preferential packages to public sector employees.
Advantages for public sector workers
Loan terms are more favorable. An extended lending limit, reduced rates, short-term consideration and decision on the application, and a compressed package of documents are provided.
Disadvantages for public sector workers
If the borrower is a military man, he will not be able to provide the confidential data necessary to draw up the contract. And the bank will not be able to track pension accruals.
Low wages will be an obstacle to obtaining a loan.
If an employee is fired, the loan ceases to be preferential. The interest rate is recalculated and the loan amount may increase significantly.
Size of apartment covered by social mortgage
By law, every person has the right to 18 sq.m. living space, anything less is considered a violation. Another factor is children. Children of different sexes should live in different rooms. It is worth considering that with this mortgage you can only get economy class housing.
The three indicated factors will help calculate the size of a possible apartment. Size is strictly taken into account by law. Thus, the area of the apartment depends on the number of family members and their gender. Anything beyond the norm will not be paid for by the mortgage.
Social mortgage is a chance to improve the living conditions of low-income people. If a family fits this definition, then following the prescribed instructions, it can move into a spacious apartment that meets SanPiN standards. And, despite the modest income, start a decent life thanks to the state’s social programs.
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