Lost in translation: Crimean dormitories were considered “non-residential” objects

What has changed since October 1, 2020?

According to Federal Law No. 59-FZ “On Amendments to Article 17 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation” dated April 15, 2020, residential premises in an apartment building cannot be used to provide hotel services. If the hotel is located in a residential building, it should have a separate entrance.

There should be no apartments underneath the hotel, which means hostels can only be located on the lower floors. Of course, there should be no registered residents in the hostel premises.

Choosing the type of hostel: what to consider?

Dormitory - a residential building or residential premises in residential buildings and non-residential buildings for which a single warrant has been issued. Dormitories also include special homes for the elderly, orphanages, boarding houses for the disabled, veterans, boarding schools at schools and boarding schools, shelters. The inclusion of residential buildings and residential premises in the housing stock and exclusion from the housing stock are carried out in accordance with the housing legislation of the Russian Federation.

Therefore, if this non-residential building is not a corridor type, if there really is a breakdown into apartments, and (municipalities) make a decision to transfer the non-residential building to residential, we make changes to the cadastre.

But the building was registered as non-residential. I want to privatize my apartment. What should I do? And are the actions of the s/s legal? It is not clear how a building where people with permanent registration live can be registered as non-residential?

The owner's non-residential premises (administration building) have been converted into a dormitory for seasonal workers. Workers are registered in the building at their place of residence.

The main criterion for classifying citizens into this category of workers is the specific nature of the performance of labor duties, when the employee’s working day is divided into several parts of indefinite length or when the need to call the employee to the place of work may arise at any time of the day.

In order to become a hostelier, no large investments are required, while the hostel remains extremely in demand in the hotel services market, which together makes hostels an ideal springboard for starting your career.

I have a NON-RESIDENTIAL premises. Can I open a dormitory there for temporary workers? These will be shift workers. Am I obligated to convert the premises to RESIDENTIAL?

Have all the hostels closed at once?

As previously stated by the Vice-Governor of St. Petersburg Oleg Markov, from October 1, 44 hostels in the city were supposed to stop operating, which could not be converted into non-residential premises. But market participants claim that only a few managed to change their status; the rest either left the market or went into the shadow sector.

The League of Hostels believes that due to difficulties in transferring the status of non-residential premises, 80% of players will leave the market.

Meanwhile, analysts of the 2GIS service noticed that in just a month from October to November 2020, the total number of hostels in 15 million-plus cities of the Russian Federation not only did not decrease, but also increased. The increase was mainly provided by Moscow.

Over 30 days, the number of hostels in the capital increased from 755 to 804. The number of small hotels in apartment buildings increased from 312 to 326.

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Signs and features

The residential premises have the following signs::

It is isolated from others.
Recognized as real estate.
Recognized as suitable for habitation.
Suitable for permanent residence of people and their registration.

The signs of non-residential premises can be represented as follows::

Materiality and isolation. Such an object is considered completely isolated. It has a floor, ceiling, walls, and a separate entrance.
It refers to real estate in accordance with Federal Law No. 122-FZ. The documents include the right to a building or structure, as well as the right to own it.
Real estate is part of a particular building.
The location has a connection with the property, which is manifested in registration at a specific address and on a given land area.
The premises are a non-residential property. The totality of real estate of this type includes objects that are located in non-residential buildings. The exception is those classified as housing stock.
The functional meaning is as follows: the premises are not suitable for permanent residence of people, but can be used for industrial and public purposes.

Is the dormitory a residential or non-residential building?

This type of housing is characterized by targeted provision, that is, it is issued to citizens for residence for a certain period and due to a certain status of the person during the period of validity of the period.

For citizens who, due to the nature of their service, due to the characteristics of their profession or study, are located outside their usual place of residence, hostels are provided for use in the manner prescribed by law.

The Housing Code regulates the purpose of residential premises in dormitories, determines the rules by which premises are provided for use, and specifies the grounds for obtaining premises. The Russian Housing Law identifies eight types of premises related to specialized housing.

Administrative and household premises, or communal premises.

An apartment building is a building in which at least half of the area is occupied by apartments. An apartment building usually has at least three apartments, which are generally entered through a common corridor or entrance. In exceptional cases, an apartment building may have two apartments, for example. Typically, an apartment building has several floors.

A former hostel, the rooms in which have now been privatized, is also considered as an apartment building, no matter whether the residents use the privatized premises on the basis of a rental agreement or as an owner. Municipal in t. A non-residential building is a building in which less than half of the usable area is used for living.

Type of living space

A residential premises is recognized as an isolated premises, which is real estate and is suitable for permanent residence of citizens, meets established sanitary and technical rules and regulations, and other legal requirements, hereinafter referred to as requirements.

The procedure for recognizing a premises as a residential premises and the requirements that a residential premises must meet, including its adaptation taking into account the needs of people with disabilities, are established by the Government of the Russian Federation in accordance with this Code and other federal laws.

In the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated Recently, the practice of organizing hotels in residential buildings has appeared. In some cases, it is necessary to arrange the transfer of a residential building to a hotel, but in some cases this is not necessary.

Lost in translation: Crimean dormitories were considered “non-residential” objects

The situation in Saki is indicative. As the city administration explains, five hostels received five cadastral passports from the municipality. Half are registered as apartment buildings, and half are listed as non-residential real estate with residential premises.

At the same time, a major renovation of the dormitories is currently underway. The list of dormitories was approved by the Council of Ministers. It initially stated that all dormitories are residential buildings. Upon receipt of cadastral passports according to Russian rules, these objects can no longer be included in the list of major repairs, because there is a contradiction.

If a non-residential building is repaired at the expense of targeted contributions from citizens for major repairs, this will be an outright violation of the law. And such an incident occurs not only in Saki, but in most regions of the republic.

City administrations do not know what to do: to change or not to change the purpose of such objects to residential, and if changed, then on what basis?!

The problem arose, as they say, out of nowhere. A few months ago, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation indicated to the state registration authorities in an official letter that in the Russian legislative field, dormitories can only have the status of “non-residential” buildings, we quote: “Determining the purpose of a dormitory building.

when carrying out state cadastral registration as an “apartment building” or “residential building” does not comply with current legislation; the purpose of a building such as a dormitory must be defined as a “non-residential building” (at the same time have the name “dormitory”, “apartment-type dormitory”).

Why do hostels in residential buildings operate despite the ban?

After October 1, hostel owners have few options left: either transfer hotels to the status of non-residential premises, or leave the market. Another option is to rent out housing for short-term, acting as a private individual.

It is not prohibited. In addition, legislators did not explain who and how will prove that the apartment is a hostel.

Neither the police nor tax authorities have the right to enter the premises for inspection without the consent of the owner. Unscrupulous businessmen are probably taking advantage of this loophole.

I live in a building that has not been formalized for many years and was considered a dormitory.

Workers are registered in the building at their place of residence. Is the organization obliged to convert the building into residential premises?

The user of a service residential premises does not have the right to: book a premises (Articles 73-76); his exchange (Articles 79-83,85) the requirement to provide him with a smaller living space in return he hires (Art.

In fact, these fundamental two points protect the peace of residents of an apartment building and the cleanliness of their staircases from unfamiliar hostel guests.

Ground floor (semi-basement). It includes premises located below the level of the blind area (but not more than half their height).

In tall panel buildings, the external walls are usually curtain walls. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the flexibility of the connections and weaken the walls with openings, which is quite difficult. Therefore, continuum models find limited use in the calculations of such buildings.

As follows from paragraph 7 of Regulations No. 47, the assessment and inspection of premises in order to recognize it as a residential premises are carried out by an interdepartmental commission created for these purposes (hereinafter referred to as the commission), and are carried out for compliance with the requirements established in the Regulations.

Full information in the article on the topic: “A dormitory is a residential or non-residential building” with an explanation from specialists. For any questions, please contact the specialist on duty.

How to close a hostel in a residential building?

Closing a hostel is not so easy. For violating the law, the owner will be fined. But a hotel can stop operating only by a court decision. Before the ban on hostels in residential buildings came into force, in January-September 2020, 19 hotels in Moscow were closed by court. There will probably be more such precedents now.

On October 1, 2020, Federal Law No. 59 of April 15, 2020 came into force in the Russian Federation. The document, with the publication of which amendments were made to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, prohibits the opening of hotels in residential premises.

Expert opinion

Kuzmin Ivan Timofeevich

Legal consultant with 6 years of experience. Specializes in the field of civil law. Member of the Bar Association.

Hostels, which are very popular among budget travelers, were also banned. Many Russians were not happy with the news, because after the introduction of the innovation, hotel prices could increase.

But hostels have not disappeared, just the rules for opening them have changed somewhat. It is worth understanding where such objects can now be located and whether their placement in high-rise buildings is legal.

Hotel in a residential building - practice and reality

How to locate a hotel in a residential building?

The owner has the right to rent out the space he owns, but only for its intended purpose, i.e. people must live in the premises.

Since the hotel is a place for the provision of services, it is impossible to use residential premises as a hotel, so it must be transferred to non-residential stock.

To do this, you need to collect a package of documents:

a notarized power of attorney for the organization that will handle the translation;
notarized copies of documents for the premises (certificate of ownership, etc.);
documents about the company (if a legal entity), its registration and tax registration certificate;
and other documents as necessary.

After the transfer of the object, the owner must undergo certification in accordance with the Law “On the Fundamentals of Tourism Activities”. All objects of the tourism industry are classified by organizations accredited by executive authorities. Each hotel must have an appropriate certificate, the absence of which is subject to a fine under the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation (from 7,000 to 10,000 rubles for officials, from 40,000 to 50,000 rubles for legal entities).

When is it not necessary to convert residential premises for a hotel into non-residential ones?

If residential premises owned by the owner will be rented out for residential purposes under contracts, then transfer to non-residential stock will not be required. The owner’s premises continue to be listed in the housing stock in accordance with Article 19 of the RF Housing Code. And the RF Civil Code (Article 288) gives owners the right to provide premises for rent under a contract to both individuals and legal entities.

However, in the latter case, it is worth remembering that if the premises remain residential, redevelopment is carried out, and it is passed off as a hotel, then it will not have its status. It will not be possible to register it according to all the rules; the hotel will be “gray”.

This means that its owner will lose some clients. After all, such a hotel will not be able to accommodate people coming on an official business trip, since they need reporting documents for the business trip. This hotel will also not be able to cooperate with travel agencies; it will have to look for clients and advertise itself.

If you plan to design the premises as a hotel, transfer to a non-residential property is required.

How is a hostel different from a hotel?

The main difference between a hostel and a hotel is that for their money a person only gets a bed. There are several single or bunk beds in the room, but at least 4 square meters must be allocated for each bed. The bathroom, toilet, kitchen, and living room are usually located separately and are shared.

Almost every hostel provides guests with a minimum set of services:

Registration of visitors around the clock or on schedule (but not less than 12 hours).
Daily cleaning of rooms and common areas.
Morning wake-up call at the request of guests.
Handing incoming correspondence to guests.
Change of bed linen (at least once every 5 days).
If necessary, call an ambulance and provide a first aid kit.

Additional services (Internet, parking, laundry, meals, leisure activities) are provided at the discretion of the administration.

In recent years, Russia has experienced a real hotel boom. Hostels have also occupied an important niche in the hotel services market. In St. Petersburg alone, by 2020 there were about 400 hostels, 80% of which were opened in the housing stock. In the economy tourism segment, this is the most popular accommodation facility: 60% of beds are occupied even in the off-season

But not everyone was happy with this state of affairs. Most of the complaints came from residents of high-rise buildings.

People complained about noise from temporary neighbors, constant cigarette smoke, and garbage in the hallways. Often the case went to court, and the judges granted the claims of the affected owners.

As a result, a law was adopted designed to protect apartment owners in apartment buildings and streamline the procedure for opening hostels

Ban on hostels in residential buildings 2020 - what does the law say?

Contrary to popular belief, it is still possible to open hostels in high-rise buildings from October 2020. But there is a condition: the placement of such objects is allowed only in non-residential premises. This is prohibited in apartments, as well as other residential properties (for example, private houses).

To open a hostel legally, the premises will have to be converted to non-residential status. This is a rather complicated procedure that takes a lot of time. In addition, non-residential premises equipped as a hostel must meet a number of requirements:

It should be located on the first floor. Opening mini-hotels on the second floor and above is permitted only if all the lower premises are also non-residential.
The future hostel should have a separate entrance. Moreover, it is not enough to equip such an entrance: it must be isolated from the stairs or common area. In other words, access to the hostel through the premises that allow people to get into their apartments will have to be closed.
There cannot be registered residents in areas intended for hostels.

When changing the status of an apartment, many more actions need to be taken. For example, the owner will have to obtain the consent of neighbors for such changes, draw up a redevelopment project, and obtain opinions from firefighters and the SES.

It is clear that the innovations will complicate the lives of many hostel owners. Now, not just an apartment with a beautiful sign, but a professionally equipped room should be allocated to accommodate people.

This requires funds, and not all properties can be converted to non-residential status. Some business owners who were unable to adapt to the new conditions have already had to leave the market.

With the adoption of the new law, people have many other questions. One of the most pressing questions is whether it is possible to continue renting out housing for a short period of time (for example, daily). Since this right of citizens is enshrined in the Constitution, no one has canceled it. You are allowed to use your apartment to conduct business; it is hotel services that are banned

Deputies proposed regulating the hotel business in apartment buildings

Hostels in an apartment building can only be created in non-residential premises with the obligatory consent of the residents of this building. Such amendments to the Housing Code (LC) may be approved on Thursday by State Duma deputies in the second reading. The government proposed a more lenient condition for opening hostels: with the consent of the residents, but without transferring the apartment to the category of non-residential premises. The Duma Committee on Housing Policy insists on a tough option. Experts fear that the business associated with hostels may “go into the shadows.”

Deputies may approve on Thursday in the second reading amendments to the Housing Code, tightening the conditions for opening hostels in apartment buildings. Privatized apartments in apartment buildings are often used for hostels (mini-hotels that provide overnight accommodation for several days and breakfast). In Russia, this business is widespread in cities with a population of over a million, primarily in Moscow, St. Petersburg and Kazan. Deputies introduced a bill regulating the opening of hostels in September 2020 in response to citizen complaints. And already in October of the same year, the initiative was approved in the first reading. After this, an almost three-year period of agreeing on amendments to the second reading began (“Kommersant” wrote about this in detail on May 7, 2020). Hosteliers argued that tightening the rules would drive this business into the shadows. The deputies argued that a profitable business should not disturb the peace of residents of apartment buildings, and strict rules are needed to ensure that hostels do not turn into rooming houses.

The toughest position was taken by the head of the Duma Committee on Housing Policy, Galina Khovanskaya (A Just Russia). She believes that a businessman who decides to turn his privatized apartment into a hostel should transfer this apartment to the category of non-residential premises.

Such a room requires, in particular, a separate entrance. For this reason, a hostel can only be opened on the first floor of an apartment building. Hosteliers did not agree with such restrictions. The government then got involved in the dispute and proposed a compromise option in April last year. According to the government, hostels can be created in residential premises, including in an apartment building, if there is consent from the meeting of owners of other apartments in this building. The meeting is valid if at least three quarters of the owners are present. Consent is considered received if three quarters of the meeting participants vote in favor. However, the adoption of a law restricting the activities of hostels was postponed in 2018 due to the World Cup in Russia.

How they wanted to register hostels in the Housing Code

According to Kommersant’s interlocutors in the State Duma, Galina Khovanskaya this week agreed with the leadership of the lower house to consider the bill in the second reading. The Duma Council submitted it to the chamber for consideration on February 21. The Housing Policy Committee on February 19 supported a strict version of the amendments, which state that “residential premises in an apartment building cannot be used to provide hotel services and temporary accommodation services.” “Transfer the apartment to non-residential premises, prepare a separate entrance and then open a hostel in an apartment building,” Galina Khovanskaya explained to Kommersant the essence of the amendments now proposed for consideration at a meeting of the State Duma. The consent of a qualified majority of the owners of other apartments in this building will also be required. “After the law is adopted, hostel owners will have a year to bring them into compliance with the new requirements,” Ms. Khovanskaya clarified.

“This means that only those hostels that are already located on the first floors will be preserved,” Natalya Petrovskaya, a lawyer and member of the board of the League of Hostels, explained to Kommersant.

Other hostels, according to her forecast, “will not close, but will go into the shadows.” She is alarmed by the amendment proposed by deputies to Part 3 of Article 17 of the Housing Code, which now spells out prohibitions, in particular on “the placement of industrial production in residential premises.” Galina Khovanskaya proposed supplementing this article with a new ban - on “accommodation in residential premises of hotels and other places of accommodation.” That is, the ban will affect any residential premises, and not just apartment buildings. “And “places of accommodation” are, for example, rooms that are rented out to vacationers by home owners in Crimea and other resort areas,” emphasizes Natalya Petrovskaya. According to her, now these owners must “abandon the business or transfer to the non-residential category that part of their house where they accommodate vacationers during the season.”

How the Ministry of Culture proposed to legalize mini-hotels and hostels

“If your own house or part of the house is used as a hotel, then it should be transferred to the category of hotels: there is no problem for this, especially since the owner of the house does not need anyone’s consent,” Sergei Pakhomov, first deputy chairman of the Duma Committee on Housing Policy, told Kommersant ( "United Russia"). He admits that “the new rules are tough”: “But all committee members from all factions voted for the tough option. After all, we are not talking about people who have settled in non-residential premises, but about business that comes to where people should live in peace.”

Victor Khamraev

Sleeping area

The requirements for a bed in hostels are as follows:

The height of the sleeping quarters is not lower than 2.5 meters. There is at least 4 m2 of space per person including bed.
Beds are allowed with one or two tiers, excluding three or more, which are prohibited.
The length between the second tier and the ceiling is more than 75 centimeters.
The size of a single bed is 190x80 centimeters, a double bed is 190x140 centimeters.
The hostelier is not obliged to provide the client with a change of linen, but this service is quite popular, for an additional fee or not.

What is a hostel?

A hostel is a special form of hotel. The main difference from a hotel is the nature of the accommodation of guests. There are no separate rooms for one or two people. Sleeping places are equipped in a common room, often with bunk beds. The kitchen and bathrooms are common for use. Instead of a bath, there is a shower.

Due to the saving of space per person, the price of services in the hostel is significantly lower than in a regular hotel. For this reason, mini-hotels are popular among the mobile population, for whom comfort is not as important as the cost of temporary accommodation.

Expert opinion

Kuzmin Ivan Timofeevich

Legal consultant with 6 years of experience. Specializes in the field of civil law. Member of the Bar Association.

The convenience of hostels lies in the ability to open them in central urban areas, where daily rent of residential premises and expensive hotels are expensive.

Requirements for non-residential premises for a hostel

According to the new law, the hostel, as a hostel for temporary stay, can no longer occupy residential premises, which were previously apartments. From now on, in order to set up a hostel in an apartment, you will first have to remove it from the residential premises and transfer it to non-residential premises, and in order to do this, fulfill a number of mandatory requirements.

Non-residential premises are located, as a rule, on the ground floor of the building. An apartment on the second floor can be transferred to non-residential premises only if the first floor is already occupied by non-residential premises.

An additional requirement in the new amendments is the establishment of a separate entrance to the hostel, not adjacent to the general entrance to the entrance. In fact, these fundamental two points protect the peace of residents of an apartment building and the cleanliness of their staircases from unfamiliar hostel guests.

Also, the new law prohibits placing a hostel in non-residential premises on the ground floors. The fairly cheap cost of renting such spaces attracted hosteliers, while they usually turned a blind eye to sanitary standards for living in the basement floors.

The basement floors are still suitable for temporary occupancy. It is allowed to place showers here, build a gym or a kitchen, but permanent residence of people in the basement is now unacceptable.

How to transfer an apartment to non-residential use for a hostel

Everything is quite simple here. Initially, the apartment must meet the requirements for non-residential premises and have no technical restrictions for installing a separate entrance (see above). To transfer an apartment to non-residential use, an application on your behalf to the local government authority is sufficient, indicating the planned redevelopment (if required) and, in fact, a request to transfer the area to non-residential use. There is no single standard for such a statement, so it is written in free form. You will be required to attach a document certifying your right to property, or a notarized copy of it.

If you decide to redevelop the premises into a hostel, you will need to obtain a registration certificate for the premises from the technical inventory office at your place of residence, having paid the necessary fees. Also, in the case of redevelopment, permission from the authority for the protection of history and culture is required if the building is considered part of the cultural heritage or an architectural monument.

It wouldn't hurt to coordinate your event with your neighbors. Formally, the law does not oblige you to do this, but regular dissatisfaction from neighbors, collection of signatures and protests can significantly delay the process, and the attitude of local government towards your petition will become picky and meticulous.

If you don’t want to get involved with the bureaucratic machine and get bogged down in complex legal formulations and amendments, collect information and communicate with BTI representatives, you can turn to professional lawyers for help. For a relatively small fee, they will help you with the transfer of your apartment to non-residential use. Along with the advent of hostels, offers of this kind also appeared on the Internet. However, the procedure is not as complicated as it seems, and it is a matter of taste and your personal approach to the matter.

This is interesting Organization of hostels

If everything is in order with your papers, the neighbors are not against it, and the cultural protection authority does not find your apartment of any interest for posterity, your application will be considered and after 45 days an affirmative decision will be made. From this moment you can start working.

How to open a hostel in an office space?

Office space is non-residential by default, but not every office is suitable for hosting a hostel. There are five main categories of office space. Let's look at them briefly:

Class A: office space of the highest class. Typically, such offices are located in separate buildings, occupy several floors, are equipped to the latest standards, have their own parking, and often an elevator. These prestigious premises are quite in demand in their class and are not considered as hostel premises.
class B: the same thing, but a lower class. Such premises are located in new buildings or reconstructed mansions in the capital. Class A offices often move into this category after several years of operation.
class C: these are office premises leased by industrial enterprises and, as a rule, do not meet the standards of residential premises. Such offices often do not even have ventilation, so the profitability of converting them into a hostel is a big question.
class D: office premises in buildings requiring major renovation. These are relatively inexpensive areas that are not designed for permanent occupancy. The building may not comply with a number of sanitary or fire safety standards and placing a hostel in them is unacceptable.
class E: this includes premises not originally intended for offices, but converted due to necessity. These can also be apartments transferred to non-residential stock, basement and semi-basement floors. Excluding options with basement areas, class E offices, if well located, can be considered suitable for a hostel.

Is it possible to open your own mini-hotel from scratch in non-residential premises and apartments?

Until October 1, 2020, entrepreneurs took advantage of the opportunity to open hotel establishments in apartment buildings by purchasing apartments on the floor or concluding lease agreements with the owner. This situation suited clients and hostel owners.

The negative reaction of residents in the entrances of houses to noise, dirt, and the question of whether it is legal to open a hostel in an apartment received a response from legislators.

To the question - how to make a hostel from an apartment - after September 1, 2020, the answer will be as follows - not at all or if certain requirements are met.

Hostels located in residential premises must be closed. The owner of the hostel is obliged to re-register the apartment/apartments from the residential category to non-residential, subject to the conditions of floor placement.

Hostels in multi-storey buildings can only be placed in non-residential premises on the 1st floor. It is possible to open an establishment one or two floors above, provided that there are non-residential premises below: shops, organizations providing household, medical, legal and other services.

In addition, starting from October, hostels must have a separate entrance. Walls and ceilings shared with apartments must be soundproofed. Fire safety requirements have been tightened: installation of a fire alarm is mandatory. The desire to have a good income without taking into account the opinions of residents became the reason for a harsh legislative response.

Re-registration and installation of a separate entrance will require significant expenses. Hostels above the 3rd floor will close. For visitors, this will mean the inability to stay in cheap hotels in the city center.

Features of converting a dorm room into the category of residential premises

Based on Part 1 of Art. 23 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the transfer of non-residential premises to residential premises is carried out by a local government body.

Often the building is not suitable for year-round living due to the lack of sewerage, heating and other necessary communications. If all this is present, then such a house is residential.

Residential buildings, specialized houses (dormitories, hotels - shelters, houses of flexible stock, special homes for single elderly people, boarding houses for the disabled, veterans and others), apartments, service residential premises, other residential premises in other buildings suitable for habitation.

Price

The costs of opening a hostel are divided into one-time and ongoing. One-time – these are financial investments in the material base of the mini-hotel and registration of permits:

The premises need to be refurbished to match the status of a hostel.
Purchase equipment, furniture, inventory.
Organize a promotional event.
Register a business.
Other expenses.

The largest share in one-time expenses is occupied by the arrangement of the hotel, since the quality of the services provided and competitiveness will depend on this. The lump sum depends on the number of beds and the package of services that guests can count on. Approximately, this will amount to about one and a half million rubles.

wages of service personnel;
Payment of utility services;
bank loan;
remote accountant;
sanitary and hygiene products;
other expenses;
transfers to the budget.

The amount of monthly expenses, on average, does not exceed 200 thousand rubles, including about 50% - wages of employees and accountants. If the premises are rented, then rental costs should be added here.

Tips and tricks for opening a hostel

To make it stand out among competitors and attract more guests, you need to monitor the condition of the rooms and promote your business in the hotel market. Opening a business hostel is not so difficult if you adhere to the following recommendations:

think through the concept in advance. It is important that the name, design of the lounge area and rooms be made in the same style;
if the starting capital is small, then you should not rent a large premises. It is better to make high-quality repairs for a small number of places. If you use cheap materials, they will have to be updated frequently;
It is worth agreeing in advance with the landlord about the possibility of reducing the rent during the low tourist season;
You should not skimp on cleaning services - the rooms should always be kept clean;
You can offer additional services, for example, organizing excursions;
attract clients with promotions when staying for a long time or with a large group.

If you adhere to the above recommendations on how to organize a hostel, your business will be successful. For further development, the owner should think about a unified concept for his branches or creating a franchise, provided that the project is commercially successful.

Hostel is one of the promising areas in the hotel business. Now this is no longer just economy-class housing: the owners are trying to create a cozy atmosphere conducive to spending leisure time in such a budget hotel. The success of a business largely depends on the location and overall design of the hostel.

Author of the publication

offline for 3 days

Where is the demand greatest?

The business will be successful if the services offered are in demand. An analysis of migration flows to or through a populated area should be done. Large cities, tourist and resort areas are in an advantageous position. The need for a hostel will arise if there is a tradition of holding festivals and exhibitions in the area.

Before organizing a mini-hotel, you need to compare supply and demand: find out how many similar establishments there are in the city, where they are located, what services they offer, and at what price. The information received will help you make a choice - where, how, and how much to open a hostel.

Required permits and documentation

What you need to have to open a hostel in non-residential premises:

complete paperwork at the local administration;
tax office;
open a bank account.

The type of activity (Limited Liability Company) is registered with the mayor's office or district administration.

Based on the received paper, the State Tax Inspectorate assigns an OKVED code. Entrepreneurs are required to record payments for their services through a cash register, which must be registered with the tax office.

The next stage is concluding a lease agreement if the future businessman does not have his own non-residential real estate. Then the premises are renovated, equipment and furniture are installed.

Upon completion of the arrangement, it is necessary to obtain permission from the sanitary-epidemiological and fire authorities. Based on a package of documents giving the right to open a hostel, an agreement is concluded with the management company.

Personnel and equipment

Important! The hotel must be equipped in accordance with the requirements of the State Standard of 2014. If they are not met, permits will not be issued.

distance from floor to ceiling - at least 250 centimeters;
1 sink – for 6 guests;
1 toilet – for 12 people;
1 shower – for 15 people;
The minimum area for 1 bed is 4 square meters.

Single beds (80x190 centimeters) must be at least 75 centimeters apart. No more than 8 people can be accommodated in one room.

When planning a hostel, the following should also be provided:

small kitchen for preparing and serving breakfast and dinner;
lounge room with TV;
utility room for storing equipment, bed linen and sanitary products;
administrator's room.

To give coziness and comfort you will need:

bedside tables;
sofa;
chairs;
kitchen table;
Kitchen Cabinet;
TV;
curtains;
lampshades.

In the kitchen you need to put a refrigerator, microwave, electric kettle, and a set of dishes. A double set of bed linen and towels is purchased, depending on the number of guests. The presence of an iron with ironing board, automatic machine, and Internet access will increase the competitiveness of the hostel. Employees will need a vacuum cleaner and a laptop.

The minimum number of employees in a mini-hotel is 4:

2 people – at the reception, registration, check-out of visitors (in shifts);
cleaning lady-maid;
accountant.

Depending on the area and number of beds, the cleaner and accountant are hired full time or for several hours.

What is the essence of the new law on hostels?

The initiator of the new law on hostels, Deputy G. Khovanskaya, believes that the owners of budget hotels operate outside the legal framework.

First of all, because they pay taxes at the rates applicable to residential real estate, and this is significantly less than the amounts charged for the operation of commercial properties. Moscow appraisers have calculated that the tax on a non-residential property is 13 times higher than the tax on an apartment (real estate of comparable cadastral value is compared).

The new law, according to a group of deputies, should bring the hotel business out of the shadows, relieve citizens from the need to live next to tourist groups, and streamline taxation. However, in most cases, apartments are rented out without notifying Rospotrebnadzor or the tax service, so the risk of illegal commercial activity remains.

Of course, property owners will sooner or later come to the attention of regulatory authorities and appropriate measures will be taken against them, but the budget is missing out on huge sums while gray business is thriving. Therefore, the introduction of a new law and amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation will not stop illegal commerce.

Rental agreement for specialized premises

Under this type of agreement, specialized residential premises are transferred, i.e. premises classified as a specialized housing stock. In accordance with paragraph 3 of Art. 19 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation , specialized housing stock is a set of intended housing for certain categories of citizens and provided according to the rules of Section. IV Housing Code of the Russian Federation of residential premises of state and municipal housing funds. Residential premises of specialized housing stock include:

The lease agreement for specialized residential premises is fixed-term. The period for which specialized residential premises are provided depends on the category of the premises. For example, in accordance with paragraph 3 of Art. 104 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, a contract for the rental of official residential premises is concluded for the period of labor relations, service or holding a government position in the Russian Federation, a government position in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or in an elected position. Termination of labor relations or tenure in a government position of the Russian Federation, a government position in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or in an elective position, as well as dismissal from service is grounds for termination of the contract for the rental of official residential premises.